Design of Multiple Collision Deflection Defense Plan for Near-Earth Asteroids
- Paper ID
96376
- author
- company
Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering
- country
China
- year
2025
- abstract
The DART mission of the United States successfully implemented the first planetary defense test mission, verifying the feasibility of kinetic impact technology in planetary defense. Based on the current status of kinetic impact defense technology internationally, this paper proposes a new kinetic impact plan with the advantages of obtaining prior information about the asteroid and adjustable in-orbit impact performance. The plan mainly uses a collider to repeatedly impact the target asteroid. The collider consists of a separated warhead and a main body. After launch, during the first approach to the target asteroid, the separated warhead is thrown at the asteroid at a speed of more than 5km/s to complete the first impact cratering of the target asteroid. The main body of the collider flies over the asteroid to observe the morphology of the impact crater and other phenomena, obtaining prior physical parameters of the asteroid. Based on the asteroid parameter data obtained from the ground observation, the orbit of the collider is optimized to adjust the orbit parameters for the second impact on the asteroid, achieving controllable impact on the target asteroid. This paper provides a preliminary orbit design plan and outlines key technologies such as precise guidance and control of high-speed impact on unknown targets, and multi-constraint orbit optimization for two devices, providing references for in-orbit defense demonstration and verification of asteroids.